A.“ἁρ-” IG1.164), ὁ, number, first in Od., “λέκτο δ᾽ ἀριθμόν” 4.451; “ἀριθμῷ παῦρα” Semon.3; “ἓν ἀριθμῷ” Hdt.3.6; “ἀριθμὸν ἕξ” Id.1.14, cf. 50; “ἐς τὸν ἀ. τρισχίλια” Id.7.97; πλῆθος ἐς ἀ. the amount in point of number, ib.60; “τὸν ἀ. δώδεκα” Euphro11.11; “δύο τινὲς ἢ τρεῖς . . εἰς τὸν ἀ.” Men.165; “ἔλαττον μήτε ὄγκῳ μήτε ἀριθμῷ” Pl.Tht.155a; “οὔτ᾽ ἀριθμοῖς οὔτε μεγέθεσιν ἐλάττους” Id.Lg.861e; “σταθμῷ καὶ ἀ.” X. Smp.4.45; “δι᾽ ἀ. καὶ μέτρου” Plu.Per.16, cf. E.Tr.620: prov., λέγειν ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν 'count the pebbles on the shore', Pi.O.13.46, cf. 2.98; οὐ γιγνώσκων ψήφων ἀριθμούς, of a blockhead, Ephipp. 19; “οὔτ᾽ ἀριθμὸν οὔτ᾽ ἔλεγχον . . ἔχων” Dionys.Com.3.13.
2. amount, sum, “πολὺς ἀ. χρόνου” Aeschin.1.78; “ἀ. τῆς ὁδοῦ” X.An.2.2.6; ἀ. [χρυσίου] a sum of money, Id.Cyr.8.2.16.
3. ἀριθμῷ, abs., in certain numbers, Hdt.6.58; but “δένδρα ἀριθμῷ ὑμέτερα” by tale, Th.2.72; “ἀ. διδόναι” Dionys.Com.3.6.
4. item or term in a series, “ὁ δεύτερος ἀ.” E.Ion1014; “τρίτον ὠδίνων ἀ.” Epigr.Gr.574; “ναῦς πολλοὺς ἀ. ἄγνυται ναυαγίων” E.Hel.410, cf. Arist.Po.1461b24; τοὺς ἀ. τοῦ σώματος points of the body, Pl.Lg.668d; “τοὺς ἀ. ἑκάστου τῶν νοσημάτων” Hp.Acut. 3; “τὸ καλὸν ἐκ πολλῶν ἀ. ἐπιτελεῖσθαι” Plu.2.45c: hence as a mark of completeness, “πάντας τοὺς ἀ. περιλαβών” Isoc.11.16; τοῦ καθήκοντος τοὺς ἀριθμούς the sum total of duty, M.Ant.3.1.
5. number, account, as a mark of station, worth, rank, μετ᾽ ἀνδρῶν ἵζει ἀριθμῷ takes his place among men, Od.11.449; “εἰς ἀνδρῶν μὲν οὐ τελοῦσιν ἀ.” E.Fr.492; “εἰς ἀ. τῶν κακῶν πεφύκαμεν” Id.Hec.1186; ξενίας ἀριθμῷ πρῶτ᾽ ἔχειν ἐμῶν φίλων in regard of friendship, ib.794; δειλοὶ γὰρ ἄνδρες οὐκ ἔχουσιν ἐν μάχῃ ἀριθμόν have no account made of them, Id.Fr.519; οὐδ᾽ εἰς ἀ. ἥκει λόγων she comes not into my account, Id.El.1054; “ἀ. οὐδεὶς οὐδὲ λόγος ἐστί τινος” Plu.2.682f, cf. Call.Epigr.27.6, Orac. ap. Sch.Theoc.14.48.
6. mere number, quantity, opp. quality, ταῦτ᾽ οὐκ ἀ. ἐστιν, ὦ πάτερ, λόγων a mere set of words, S.OC382; of men, οὐκ ἀ. ἄλλως not a mere lot, E.Tr.476; “ἀριθμός, πρόβατ᾽ ἄλλως” Ar. Nu.1203; sometimes even of a single man, οὐκ ἀριθμὸν ἀλλ᾽ ἐτητύμως ἄνδρ᾽ ὄντα not a mere unit, E.Heracl.997; also ἀριθμὸν πληροῦν to be a mere cipher, Chor.Milt.66.
II. numbering, counting, μάσσων ἀριθμοῦ past counting, Pi.N.2.23; esp. in phrases, ἀ. ποιεῖσθαι τῶν νεῶν to hold a muster of . . , Hdt.8.7; “ποιεῖν” X.An.7.1.7, etc.; παρεῖναι εἰς τὸν ἀ. ib.II; εἴ τι δυνατὸν ἐς ἀ. ἐλθεῖν can be stated in numbers, Th.2.72.
III. the science of numbers, arithmetic, “ἀριθμόν, ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων” A.Pr.459; “ἀριθμῶν καὶ μέτρων εὑρήματα” S.Fr. 432; “ἀ. καὶ λογισμὸν εὑρεῖν” Pl.Phdr.274c, cf. R.522c: prov., “εἴπερ γὰρ ἀριθμὸν οἶδα” E.Fr.360.19.
IV. in Philos., abstract number, Arist.Cat.4b23, Metaph.990a19, al.; ἀ. μαθηματικός ib.1090b35; ἀ. οὐσιώδης, opp. τοῦ ποσοῦ, Plot.5.5.4; ἀ. ἑνιαῖος, οὐσιώδης, ἑτεροῖος, Dam.Pr.228.
VIII. Rhet., rhythm in Prose, in pl., D.H.Comp.23, Dem.52, cf. Arist.Rh.1408b29; but also “ἀριθμοὶ τῶν ἀρχαίων ποιητᾶν” SIG703.7 (Delph.).
IX. line of a book, Apollon. Cit.2.
X. sum of numerical values of letters in a name, Apoc.13.17,al.; φιλῶ ἧς ἀριθμὸς φμέ Pompeian Inscr. in Rend.Linc.10(1901).257.
XI. unit of troops, = Lat. numerus, CIG5187 (vi A. D.), BGU673 (vi A. D.), etc.; = legio, Jul.ad Ath.280d, Zos.5.26, PLond. 5.1711.69 (vi A. D.).
XII. Astrol., mostly in pl., degrees traversed in a given time, Ptol.Tetr.112, Doroth. in Cat.Cod.Astr.6.107.30; τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀ. at her normal speed, of the moon, Gal.19.531; also of degrees of latitude, Heph.Astr.2.8,3.1.
XIII. Medic., in pl., precise conditions, παρόντων τῶν πρὸς τὴν φλεβοτομίαν ἀριθμῶν Herod.Med.in Rh.Mus.58.71, cf. Aret.CA2.3, prob. in Herod.Med. ap. Aët.9.2; cf. supr.1.4. [ι^ E.El.1132, Ar.Nu.1203.] (ἀρι^-θμός from root ἀρι-, cf. ἐπάριτος (q. v.), νήριτος.）
