A.“κέρᾳ” Il.11.385, cf. Hdn.Gr.2.75, κέρᾳ also in Th. 2.90, 7.6: nom. pl. κέρα_ (v. infr.), gen. κεράων, κερῶν, dat. κέρασι, Ep. κεράεσσι:—Att. Inscrr. have dual [“κέρ]ατε” IG12.301.109: pl.κέρατα ib.237.59; later Ep. κεράατα (^_^^) Nic.Th.291, κεράατος (^_^^) Arat.174, Q.S.6.225:—Hdt.has gen. “κέρεος” 6.111, dat. “κέρεϊ” 9.102: pl. “κέρεα” 2.38, κερέων ib.132; but Hp. has gen. sg. κέρως, pl. κέρατα, Aër.18. [In nom. and acc. κέρας, α^ always: in the obl. cases α^ in Ep., as “κέρα^σιν” Od.3.384 (in contr. dat. κέρα?, nom. pl. κέρα_ (cf. Batr.165), a is shortd. before a vowel, Il.11.385, Od.19.211); but α_ in Trag.and Com., “κέρα_τος” Hermipp.43, “κέρα_τα” E.Ba.921, κεράτων [α_] prob. in S.Tr.519 (lyr.), “κέρα_σι” A.Fr.185. In later Ep. the quantity varies.] (κέρας is prob. related to κάρα; cf. κεραός.)
I. the horn of an animal, in Hom. mostly of oxen, Il.17.521, etc.; “ταῦροι . . εἰς κέρας θυμούμενοι” E.Ba.743; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ᾽ ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν his eyes stood fixed and stiff like horns, Od.19.211; as a symbol of strength, LXX Ps.17(18).3, Diogenian.7.89, cf. Arist.PA662a1; of elephants' tusks, Aret.SD2.13, Opp.C.2.494.
2. antennae of crustaceans, Arist.HA526a31, 590b27; of the silkworm's grub, ib.551b10.
II. horn, as a material, “αἱ μὲν γὰρ [πύλαι] κεράεσσι τετεύχαται” Od.19.563; the horn of animals' hoofs, Longus 2.28.
III. anything made of horn,
1. bow, “τόξον ἐνώμα . . πειρώμενος . . μὴ κέρα ἶπες ἔδοιεν” Od. 21.395, cf. Theoc.25.206, Call.Epigr.38, AP6.75 (Paul.Sil.); for Il.11.385 v. infr. v.l.
2. of musical instruments, horn for blowing, “σημῆναι τῷ κέρατι” X.An.2.2.4, cf. Arist.Aud.802a17; also, the Phrygian flute, because it was tipped with horn (cf. Poll.4.74), “αὐλεῖν τῷ κ.” Luc.DDeor.12.1; “καὶ κέρατι μὲν αὐλεῖν Τυρρηνοὶ νομίζουσι” Poll.4.76, cf. Ath.4.184a.
3. drinking-horn, “ἐκ τοῦ κέρατος αὖ μοι δὸς πιεῖν” Hermipp.43, cf. X.An.7.2.23, OGI214.43 (Didyma, iii B.C.); “ἐξ ἀργυρέων κ. πίνειν” Pi.Fr.166, cf. IG12.280.77; “ἀργυρηλάτοις κέρασι χρυσᾶ στόμια προσβεβλημένοις” A.Fr.185; “ἐκπιόντι χρύσεον κ.” S.Fr. 483; for measuring liquids, Gal.13.435.
IV. βοὸς κ. prob. a horn guard or cover attached to a fishing-line, Il.24.81, cf. Sch.; “ἐς πόντον προΐησι βοὸς κέρας” Od.12.253; “ψάμμῳ κ. αἰὲν ἐρείδων” AP6.230 (Maec.), cf. Aristarch. ap. Apollon.Lex.s.v. κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ, Arist. ap. Plu.2.977a (also expld. as a fishing-line of ox-hair (cf. infr.v.l), ap.Plu.2.976f, cf. Poll.2.31; perh. an artificial bait).
2. clyster-pipe, Orib.8.32 7.
3. in pl., horn points with which the writing-reed was tipped, AP6.227 (Crin.).
V. of objects shaped like horns,
1. a mode of dressing the hair, “κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ” Il.11.385 (unless the meaning be bow), cf. Aristarch. ad loc., Herodorus and Apionap. Eust. ad loc.: hence κέρας is expld. as = θρίξ or κόμη, Apollon.Lex., Hdn.Gr. ap. Eust.l.c., Poll.2.31, Hsch.; cf. iv. l, and v. κεροπλάστης.
2. arm or branch of a river, “Ὠκεανοῖο κ.” Hes. Th.789; “Νείλου” Pi.Fr.201; “τὸ Μενδήσιον κέρας” Th.1.110; “ἐν Ἰνδοῖς ἐν τῷ Κέρατι καλουμένῳ” Arist.Mir.835b5, cf. Mu.393b5; τὸ κ. τὸ Βυζαντίων the 'Golden Horn', Str.7.6.2, cf. Plb.4.43.7, Sch. A.R. 4.282; Ἑσπέρου K., name of a bay, Hanno Peripl.14, cf. Philostr.VS1.21.2.
3. wing of an army, Hdt.9.26, etc.; or fleet, Id.6.8, Th.2.90, etc.; κ. δεξιόν, λαιόν, A.Pers.399, E.Supp.704; “τὸ εὐώνυμον κ. ἀναπτύσσειν” X.An.1.10.9.
b. κατὰ κέρας προσβάλλειν, ἐπιπεσεῖν, to attack in flank, Th.3.78, X.HG6.5.16, etc.; κατὰ κ. προσιέναι, ἕπεσθαι, Id.Cyr.7.1.8 and 28; “κατὰ κ. συμπεσών” Plb.1.40.14; “πρὸς κ. μάχεσθαι” X.Cyr.7.1.22.
c. ἐπὶ κέρας ἀνάγειν τὰς νέας to lead a fleet in column, Hdt.6.12, cf.14; “κατὰ μίαν ἐπὶ κέρως παραπλεῖν” Th.2.90, cf. 6.32, X.Cyr.6.3.34, Eub.67.4; of armies, κατὰ κέρας, opp. ἐπὶ φάλαγγος, X.Cyr.1.6.43, cf. An.4.6.6, HG7.4.23; “εἰς κ.” Id.Eq.Mag.4.3; “ἐκ κέρατος εἰς φάλαγγα καταστῆσαι” Id.Cyr.8.5.15; οὐκ ἐλᾶτε πρὸς τὸ δεξιὸν κ.; Ar.Eq.243.
b. = μεραρχία, Ascl.Tact.2.10.
c. contingent of thirty-two chariots, ib. 8, Ael.Tact.22.2.
6. mountainpeak, v.l. in h.Hom.1.8; spur, “τὸ κ. τοῦ ὄρους” X.An.5.6.7, cf.Lyc. 534: in pl., extremities of the earth, “γῆς” Philostr.VA2.18 (pl.).
7. in Anatomy, extremities of the uterus, Hp.Superf.1, Gal.7.266; of the diaphragm, Sor.1.57.
b. ἁπαλὸν κ., = πόσθη, Archil.171, cf.Neophro (?) in PLit.Lond.77 Fr.2.19, E.Fr.278, AP12.95.6 (Mel.).
8. of the πήχεις of the lyre, “χρυσόδετον κ.” S.Fr.244 (lyr.) (rather than the bridge, because made of horn, Ael.Dion.Fr.133, Poll.4.62).
VII. = κερατίνης, Luc.DMort.1.2.